Candida Albicans
Candida Albicans
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET – INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES
SECTION I – INFECTIOUS AGENT
NAME: Candida albicans
SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: Candidiasis, Thrush, Moniliasis
CHARACTERISTICS: Oval, budding yeast, produces pseudohyphae in culture and in tissues and exudates
SECTION II – HEALTH HAZARD
PATHOGENICITY: Mycosis of superficial layers of skin or mucous membranes (oral thrush, vulvovaginitis, paronychia, onychomycosis, intertrigo); ulcers or pseudomembranes in esophagus, gastrointestinal tract or bladder; hematogenous dissemination may produce lesions in kidney, spleen, lung, liver, prosthetic cardiac valve, eye, meninges, brain
EPIDEMIOLOGY: Worldwide
HOST RANGE: Humans
INFECTIOUS DOSE: Unknown
MODE OF TRANSMISSION: Endogenous spread (part of normal human flora); by contact with excretions of mouth, skin, and feces from patients or carriers; from mother to infant during childbirth; disseminated candidiasis may originate from mucosal lesions, unsterile narcotic injections, catheters
INCUBATION PERIOD: Variable
COMMUNICABILITY: Communicable for duration of lesions
SECTION III – DISSEMINATION
RESERVOIR: Humans (normal human flora)
ZOONOSIS: None
VECTORS: None
SECTION IV – VIABILITY
DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY: Sensitive to nystatin, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole, amphotericin B for invasive candidiasis
DRUG RESISTANCE: Resistant strains have been described for all the above antifungal drugs
SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISINFECTANTS: Sensitive to 1% sodium hypochlorite, 2% glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde; only moderately sensitive to 70% ethanol (phenolic may be substituted)
PHYSICAL INACTIVATION: Inactivated by moist heat (121°C for at least 15 min)
SURVIVAL OUTSIDE HOST: Survives outside of host, especially in moist, dark areas
SECTION V – MEDICAL
SURVEILLANCE: Monitor for symptoms; microscopic demonstration of pseudohyphae and/or yeast cells in infected tissue or fluid; confirmation by culture
FIRST AID/TREATMENT: Administer antibiotic therapy as required
IMMUNIZATION: None
PROPHYLAXIS: None
SECTION VI – LABORATORY HAZARDS
LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: 2 reported laboratory-acquired infections with Candida
SOURCES/SPECIMENS: Sputum, bronchial washings, stool, urine, mucosal surfaces, skin or wound exudates, CSF, blood
PRIMARY HAZARDS: Accidental parenteral inoculation, exposure of mucous membranes to droplets and aerosols, ingestion
SPECIAL HAZARDS: None
SECTION VII – RECOMMENDED PRECAUTIONS
CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Biosafety level 2 practices, containment equipment and facilities for the manipulation of this organism
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Laboratory coat; gloves when contact with infectious materials is unavoidable
OTHER PRECAUTIONS: None
SECTION VIII – HANDLING INFORMATION
SPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle; wearing protective clothing, gently cover spill with absorbent paper towel and apply 1% sodium hypochlorite, starting at perimeter and working towards the centre; allow sufficient contact time (30 min) before clean up
DISPOSAL: Decontaminate before disposal; steam sterilization, chemical disinfection, incineration
STORAGE: In sealed containers that are appropriately labelled
SECTION IX – MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION
Date prepared: November 1999
Prepared by: Office of Laboratory Security, PHAC
Although the information, opinions and recommendations contained in this Material Safety Data Sheet are compiled from sources believed to be reliable, we accept no responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency, or reliability or for any loss or injury resulting from the use of the information. Newly discovered hazards are frequent and this information may not be completely up to date.
Copyright © Health Canada, 2001
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