Plesiomonas Shigelloides
Plesiomonas Shigelloides
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET – INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES
SECTION I – INFECTIOUS AGENT
NAME: Plesiomonas shigelloides
SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: Formerly Aeromonas shigelloides
CHARACTERISTICS: Gram negative rod, straight with rounded ends, 3.0 µm long and 0.8-1.0 µm wide, facultatively anaerobic, polar flagella, asporogenous, usually motile, minimum growth temperature is 8° C
SECTION II – HEALTH HAZARD
PATHOGENICITY: Causative agent of gastroenteritis as well as of extraintestinal infection primarily septicemia and meningitis; mortality associated with extraintestinal infections is high; rarely causes systemic infections in immunodeficiency, liver cirrhosis and diabetes; symptoms include fever, chills, abdominal pain, nausea, water stools, dysentery-like diarrhea, vomiting; symptoms may begin 24 hours after consumption of contaminated food or water; duration of illness 1-7 days in healthy people
EPIDEMIOLOGY: Occurs mainly in tropical and subtropical areas: rarely in North America and Europe; peaks in summer months
HOST RANGE: Humans, animals (monkeys, dogs, fowl)
INFECTIOUS DOSE: Not known
MODE OF TRANSMISSION: Fecal-oral route; contaminated water; consumption of raw seafood; with exposure to amphibians or reptiles
INCUBATION PERIOD: Not clearly identified
COMMUNICABILITY: Communicable especially in overcrowded conditions, as long as organism is present in feces
SECTION III – DISSEMINATION
RESERVOIR: Numerous animal sources, intestine of humans, freshwater, estuarine water in tropical countries and seawater
ZOONOSIS: Yes
VECTORS: None
SECTION IV – VIABILITY
DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY: Sensitive to many antibiotics, excluding penicillins
DRUG RESISTANCE: Resistant to aminoglycosides (except netilmicin) and tetracyclines
SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISINFECTANTS: Susceptible to many disinfectants – 1% sodium hypochlorite, 70% ethanol, 2% glutaraldehyde, iodines, phenolics, formaldehyde
PHYSICAL INACTIVATION: Sensitive to moist heat (121° C for at least 15 min) and dry heat (160-170° C for at least l hour)
SURVIVAL OUTSIDE HOST: Does not survive well outside of host; contaminated seawater samples – 22-25 hours
SECTION V – MEDICAL
SURVEILLANCE: Monitor for symptoms
FIRST AID/TREATMENT: Electrolyte and fluid replacement; antibiotic therapy where indicated
IMMUNIZATION: None
PROPHYLAXIS: Not usually administered
SECTION VI – LABORATORY HAZARDS
LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: None reported to date
SOURCES/SPECIMENS: Feces, urine, blood, CSF
PRIMARY HAZARDS: Ingestion, accidental parenteral inoculation
SPECIAL HAZARDS: None
SECTION VII – RECOMMENDED PRECAUTIONS
CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Biosafety level 2 practices, facilities and containment equipment for all activities involving cultures and infected clinical materials
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Laboratory coat; gloves when contact with infectious materials is unavoidable
OTHER PRECAUTIONS: Good personal hygiene and frequent hand washing
SECTION VIII – HANDLING INFORMATION
SPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle; wearing protective clothing, gently cover spill with absorbent paper towel and apply 1% sodium hypochlorite, starting at perimeter and working towards the centre; allow sufficient contact time (30 min) before clean up
DISPOSAL: Decontaminate before disposal; steam sterilization, chemical disinfection, incineration
STORAGE: In sealed containers that are appropriately labelled
SECTION IX – MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION
Date prepared: March, 2001
Prepared by: Office of Laboratory Security, PHAC
Although the information, opinions and recommendations contained in this Material Safety Data Sheet are compiled from sources believed to be reliable, we accept no responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency, or reliability or for any loss or injury resulting from the use of the information. Newly discovered hazards are frequent and this information may not be completely up to date.
Copyright © Health Canada, 2001
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